George Bush lamented in 1993 that “losing is never easy — trust me, I know,” after losing to Bill Clinton. Gerald Ford in 1977 allowed for the possibility of a political comeback after being defeated by Jimmy Carter (“This report will be my last — maybe.”) Donald J. Trump was defiant in defeat four years ago, declaring that “we will be back in some form.”

As far back as the 18th century — when George Washington warned the young republic of the dangers of partisanship and called for national unity — presidents have used their twilight days in office to reflect on their records and accomplishments, pleading for the nation to build on their legacies for generations to come.

That parting message has been at times complicated by the outgoing commander in chief being succeeded by a political rival — especially when being beaten out of a second term.

The challenge President Biden navigated Wednesday night was similarly delicate, as he highlight his achievements and reflected on America’s future — even as he hands the reins of government over to Mr. Trump, an adversary whom Mr. Biden has declared a threat to democracy, and who has vowed to undo many of his policies.

President Lyndon B. Johnson spoke to Congress in 1969.Credit…Associated Press

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber? Log in.

Want all of The Times? Subscribe.